Profiling misinformation susceptibility

The global spread of misinformation poses a serious threat to the functioning of societies worldwide. But who falls for it? In this study, 66,242 individuals from 24 countries completed the Misinformation Susceptibility Test (MIST) and indicated their self-perceived misinformation discernment ability. Multilevel modelling showed that Generation Z, non-male, less educated, and more conservative individuals were more vulnerable to misinformation. Furthermore, while individuals' confidence in detecting misinformation was generally associated with better actual discernment, the degree to which perceived ability matched actual ability varied across subgroups. That is, whereas women were especially accurate in assessing their ability, extreme conservatives' perceived ability showed little relation to their actual misinformation discernment. Meanwhile, across all generations, Gen Z perceived their misinformation discernment ability most accurately, despite performing worst on the test. Taken together, our analyses provide the first systematic and holistic profile of misinformation susceptibility.

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Publication Details

Journal
Personality and Individual Differences
Published
2025-04-08
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2025.113177
Citations
13
Primary Topic
Misinformation and Its Impacts
Type
article
Field-Weighted Citation Impact
54.62
Controls
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Profiling misinformation susceptibility

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Profiling misinformation susceptibility

Rakoen Maertens, Jon Roozenbeek, Sander van der Linden, Yara Kyrychenko, Hyunjin J. Koo, Friedrich M. Götz
article en
13 citations

Abstract

The global spread of misinformation poses a serious threat to the functioning of societies worldwide. But who falls for it? In this study, 66,242 individuals from 24 countries completed the Misinformation Susceptibility Test (MIST) and indicated their self-perceived misinformation discernment ability. Multilevel modelling showed that Generation Z, non-male, less educated, and more conservative individuals were more vulnerable to misinformation. Furthermore, while individuals' confidence in detecting misinformation was generally associated with better actual discernment, the degree to which perceived ability matched actual ability varied across subgroups. That is, whereas women were especially accurate in assessing their ability, extreme conservatives' perceived ability showed little relation to their actual misinformation discernment. Meanwhile, across all generations, Gen Z perceived their misinformation discernment ability most accurately, despite performing worst on the test. Taken together, our analyses provide the first systematic and holistic profile of misinformation susceptibility.

Personality and Individual DifferencesVol. 241
University of British Columbia (CA), King's College London (GB), University of Cambridge (GB), University of Oxford (GB)
Openalex Percentile: Top 0%
Misinformation and Its Impacts
54.62
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