Etiology, pathogenesis and diagnostics of odontogenic perforative maxillary sinusitis

A literature review of data sources from neighbouring and distant countries was conducted, focusing on various aspects of the prevalence, pathogenesis and diagnostic methods of odontogenic perforative maxillary sinusitis (OPMS). The prevalence of OPMS in the Russian Federation is 1,420 cases per 100,000 adults. According to the latest statistics, this disease continues to grow, with odontogenic maxillary sinusitis accounting for between 2% and 77% of all cases. The rate of these patients presenting to maxillofacial clinics is 7.6%. The majority of patients are of working age, between 30 and 50 years. Radiological examination is considered to be the optimal method to study the variations in the anatomical structures of the maxilla, nose and paranasal sinuses; however, to date, there are no studies that have performed a radiological assessment of the entire set of factors influencing the development of mucosal perforation of the maxillary sinus and OPMS. Therefore, a study that objectively analyses individual anatomical-radiological features and their cumulative impact on the development of the pathological process is considered extremely necessary.