Charachteristics of Doppler ultrasonography in pregnant women with hypertensive complications and combined micronutrient deficiency

Aim. To study the characteristics of Doppler ultrasonography in pregnant women with hypertensive conditions and combined micronutrient deficiency. Material and methods. The study included 200 pregnant women in their third trimester. They were divided into 30 women with normal pregnancy (control group), 70 women with IDD (comparison group 1), 58 women with IDA (comparison group 2) and 42 women with a combination of IDA, magnesium deficiency, calcium deficiency and IDD (main group). Inclusion criteria for all groups were reproductive age and the third trimester of pregnancy; for comparison group 1 - iodine consumption deficiency based on iodine excretion data from a 24-hour urine sample of grade I and II; for comparison group 2 - mild to moderate anemia; and for the main group - a combination of IDD and mild to moderate IDA. The examinations included a general clinical and laboratory assessment, thyroid ultrasound, thyroid palpation, urine iodine measurement, external obstetric examination, and uterine and fetal ultrasound (assessment of fetal dimensions, Doppler ultrasonography, and amniotic fluid volume). Results and discussion. In cases of hypertensive conditions, women with concomitant micronutrient deficiencies began to develop hemodynamic disorders, which led to a decrease in uteroplacental blood flow. Prognostic indicators for the development of placental insufficiency at 22 weeks of gestation are the average values of systodiastolic ratio, pulsatility index and resistance index in the uterine arteries, which are 4.0, 1.73 and 0.76 or higher, respectively; in the umbilical artery - 5.7, 1.64 and 0.82 or higher; and in the fetal thoracic aorta - 9.0, 2.06 and 0.89 or higher. Conclusion. The analysis demonstrated a high incidence of perinatal morbidity in children born to mothers in the high-risk group, which is attributed to the complications during pregnancy and the concomitant micronutrient deficiencies.