Analysis and Dynamic Modelling of a Solar Water Pumping System

Bangladesh faces a persistent energy crisis despite its abundant solar irradiation of 4.5 kWh/m² per day. Rural electrification efforts have achieved limited success due to high costs and infrastructural constraints. This paper proposes a sustainable and cost-effective DC photovoltaic (PV) water pumping system designed to address irrigation demands in rural areas. By directly connecting a PV array to a DC water pump, the system avoids the need for an inverter, significantly reducing both initial and operational costs. The system incorporates Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) to optimize energy utilization, a DC-DC boost converter to enhance current delivery, and a battery to ensure reliable operation during inconsistent sunlight conditions. All components are locally sourced, minimizing costs and ensuring accessibility for underserved communities. Preliminary analysis highlights the system’s high efficiency and ability to meet irrigation requirements during peak seasons. The modular design also enables scalability for broader applications, including domestic water supply and small-scale industrial use. This approach offers a low-maintenance alternative to conventional diesel or AC-powered systems, enhancing energy independence and agricultural productivity in rural regions. By leveraging locally available resources and incorporating advanced energy management techniques, the proposed design exemplifies the transformative potential of solar energy to address the energy-water nexus in developing nations. Future work will explore further optimization and integration of IoT-based monitoring for real-time system performance tracking and maintenance.