An Ensemble Formal Approach to Improve Energy Efficiency and Data Aggregation in Smart Agriculture

The word Internet of Things (IoT) is designed for diverse sensing devices that are considered to capture real-world data and initiate corresponding actions. Sensor nodes consumed their built-in battery capacity allowing them to perform several tasks and act together with each other. Optimizing energy and extending the lifetime of wireless sensors are highly concerned with data transmission in a network. The use of energy at the cluster level to prolong the network’s life, and the sensors’ battery needs a mechanism during the transmission of data in a wireless network. There is also multiple research techniques presented for modelling IoT-based smart systems, but energy savings with efficiency and to validate smart agriculture systems have not been earlier adopted and focused. Our primary purpose is to save, enhance, and optimize the network life of wireless networks in smart agriculture by using an ensemble formal approach with IoT. Our research is based on three phases: firstly, we proposed an algorithm for saving energy consumption and data aggregation in a smart agriculture case to use the NS2 Simulator for experimental results. Secondly, we also developed a model using an activity diagram and transformed it into the formal language of TLA+ (Temporal Logic of Action). Lastly, the correctness properties of a model are verified by using the TLC (Temporal Logic Checker) with the model-checking capability of the TLA+ toolbox. The result of our proposed technique has been evaluated and shows an efficient performance in terms of energy consumption, delay, and network life.