Aggregative Game Analysis for Energy Consumption of Multizone HVAC Systems

In this paper, we study the distributed Nash equilibrium seeking problem for energy consumption of multi-zone HVAC systems. Beyond considering the aggregation of users' strategies in energy costs, we incorporate comfort levels into the cost function, enhancing its applicability to reflect users' comprehensive demands. Additionally, this study considers the energy consumption of an HVAC system that is governed by the regulated indoor temperatures within its zones and addresses the dynamics of the temperatures, presenting a noncooperative Nash game involving players with dynamic models in the context of a multi-zone HVAC systems connected by a strongly connected communication network. The dynamics of the indoor temperature in each zone is affected by the outside environment, the external thermal disturbance, and the temperatures in its neighboring zones. The disturbances we consider are general bounded disturbances with unknown bounds. Furthermore, we also consider temperature constraints in individual zones to accommodate the requirements of the HVAC users. Consequently, the distributed estimator approach, the adaptive control method, and the projected gradient-based technique are integrated to address all these considerations. Both full and partial information cases are studied, the resulting algorithms are illustrated on a numerical example of energy consumption game.