Secreted matrix metalloproteinases: Study of the expression profiles in the skin affected by scleroderma

Introduction. Localized scleroderma is a rare autoimmune disorder characterized by a thickening of the skin due to the overdeposition of collagens and other proteins in the dermal extracellular matrix. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) is a family of proteolytic enzymes, playing a crucial role in the catabolism of collagens, maintaining the protein composition of the dermis. Alterations in MMPs activity and expression contribute to the development of the disease. Aim. To investigate changes in the expression of secreted matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, and MMP-9) in scleroderma lesional skin using quantitative polymerase chain reaction to identify potential therapeutic targets. Materials and methods. Biopsies of lesional and unaffected skin were obtained from patients with scleroderma. PCR was used to assess changes in the expression of MMPs. Results. The analysis of experimental data revealed significant changes in the expression of MMPs: the increased levels of MMP-2 (3.379 ± 1.177) and MMP-9 (4.471 ± 1.836), and the decreased levels of MMP-1 (0.169 ± 0.036) and MMP-3 (0.240 ± 0.086). The correlation analysis revealed a strong negative correlation ( r = –0.93) between the expression of MMP-1 and the area of scleroderma lesional skin. The computer analysis suggested that changes in the expression of MMPs may contribute to the development of skin lesions as a factor. Conclusions. The results of this study suggest that some MMPs may serve as biomarkers for assessing the severity of localized scleroderma and as potential molecular targets for therapeutic intervention.