Enhancing and investigating hydroponic cultivation of leafy greens in urban areas – a study on nutritive analysis of hydroponic leafy greens -Trigonella foenum-graecum L. (fenugreek), Coriandrum sativum L.(coriander) and Spinacia oleracea L.(spinach)

Hydroponic cultivation, characterized by its soilless growth system and controlled environmental conditions, has demonstrated a remarkable capacity to elevate the concentrations of key nutrients in spinach, coriander and fenugreek surpassing traditional soil-based methods in certain aspects. Specifically, the study highlighted the elevated energy content in spinach and coriander, substantial macronutrient contributions including proteins and carbohydrates, and the remarkable levels of essential micronutrients such as calcium and iron across all three plants. These findings are pivotal, given the global challenge of providing sufficient nutrients to rapidly growing urban populations amidst diminishing arable land and the adverse effects of climate change on traditional agriculture.