Multifactor exploration and multi-objective optimization of trapezoidal threads

Trapezoidal thread, as a key component in mechanical transmission, is widely used in many industries, and its parameter optimization is crucial to enhance the performance of threaded transmission mechanism. Taking the screw nut mechanism of a company's screw elevator as an entry point, this paper thoroughly researches the specific effects of the four main parameters of trapezoidal threads-pitch, number of thread heads, tooth angle and tooth height-on the structural performance. Dynamic simulation using ANSYS software, combined with orthogonal experimental design, systematically analyzed the role of these parameters on the dynamic performance of structural components. Through the polar analysis, the order of importance of each parameter was determined, and the modal frequency and transport efficiency were introduced as the optimization objectives, and the optimal parameter combination scheme was finally derived. The results show that the optimized structural equivalent stress is reduced by 29.1%, the first-order modal frequency is increased by 24.5%, and the transport rate is increased by 11.1%. This study enriches the results in the field of threading and provides theoretical support for the future development and safe application of trapezoidal threads in screw drives.