Oxidative Stress Responses in Microalgae: Modern Insights into an Old Topic

Microalgae are the primary producers in aquatic ecosystems, while simultaneously playing a vital role in various industrial sectors. Despite their significant ecological and bioeconomic importance, the impacts of oxidative stress on their populations remain poorly understood. In this mini-review, we summarize recent advancements in understanding oxidative stress modulation in microalgae, with a focus on responses to climate change-related stressors. Additionally, we compare the valuable insights obtained from multi-omics studies on specific biochemical pathways and genes, correlating the responses and mechanisms by which microalgae respond to oxidative stress among different species.