ANDRIY MALYSHKO'S ACTIVITY IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE «ZHDANOVSHCHYNA»

The aim of the article. To examine the causes and essence of the «Zhdanovshchina» policy, as well as to analyze its implementation through the activities and work of the Ukrainian Soviet poet Andriy Malishko. The research methodology. To achieve the objectives of this article, widely accepted approaches, principles, and methods of scientific inquiry were applied: analysis of documentary sources and newspaper publications, their subsequent synthesis, comparison of the approaches of various researchers, systematization, and generalization of the gathered information. These methods enabled the identification of the essence of the «Zhdanovshchina» policy through the example of the activities of the Ukrainian Soviet poet Andriy Malishko. Scientific novelty. Based on an in-depth study of archival materials, the author analyzes the causes and nature of the «Zhdanovshchina» policy – a campaign of criticism and persecution of Soviet cultural and literary figures during the late 1940s and early 1950s. Its goal was to force writers to adhere to the principles of «socialist realism» in their creative works and to promote the cult of Joseph Stalin in their writings. The article also explores the atmosphere within the Union of Soviet Writers of Ukraine (USWU) and the Soviet Writers' Union of the USSR, set against the backdrop of the prominent Ukrainian Soviet poet Andriy Samiylovych Malishko's activities. The article includes excerpts from reports by party officials and cultural figures, as well as resolutions from the USWU plenum meetings. Conclusions. The creative intellectuals were compelled to submit to the demands of the Soviet totalitarian system, one of the tools of which was the «Zhdanovshchina» policy. This policy opened the door for criticism of even the smallest details in the works of writers. The main goal of literature once again became the glorification of Stalin's regime and its achievements. Those who opposed this were subjected to harsh criticism, deemed necessary and useful for writers. Through the example of Andriy Malishko’s work, we can observe how even without clear justification, one could become an object of persecution. However, the poet was fortunate. Despite facing criticism and losing positions, he managed to continue his public and cultural activities under the conditions of «Zhdanovshchina» by conforming to its rules. Andriy Malishko wrote works that fulfilled the demands outlined in Andriy Zhdanov's report. The writer conformed to the Soviet totalitarian system, yet also participated in criticizing fellow writers as a means of self-preservation.