War and Peace: Theoretical Perspectives on the Arab-Israeli Conflict in Historical Palestine and the US Role in Its Perpetuation

Abstract This study examines the persistent Arab-Israeli conflict in historical Palestine through the lenses of key theoretical frameworks including realism, constructivism, settler-colonialism, ethnic conflict, and post-colonialism, with a specific focus on the role of US foreign policy. The conflict, rooted in the Balfour Declaration of 1917 and subsequent geopolitical developments, remains one of the most intractable in the world. The study critically assesses how US support for Israel – diplomatic, military, and economic – has exacerbated tensions, further entrenching the conflict. By applying these theories, the research explores how identity, power, and colonial dynamics perpetuate violence, while also analyzing potential pathways toward peace. The study concludes by exploring future scenarios and the potential for US policy shifts to foster resolution or further escalation in the region.