The Antiangiogenic Activity of the Pereskia grandifolia (Seven Star Needle) Crude Leaf Extract Using the Chick Embryo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay

Background: The study focused on the anticancer potential of Pereskia grandifolia, specifically its antiangiogenic properties. Methods: Soxhlet extraction and rotary evaporation yielded a crude leaf extract containing flavonoids, phenols, tannins, steroids, and alkaloids. An ex-ovo Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay was performed on twenty-one 4-day-old chicken embryos, divided into three groups: the experimental group (40.5 mg/50 mcL crude extract), positive control (7.5 mcg/50 mcL dexamethasone), and negative control (50 mcL distilled water). Results: The experimental group exhibited the highest inhibition of blood vessel length (43.99%), significantly greater than the positive control group (28.51%) and negative control group (0%). Statistical analysis confirmed significant differences in blood vessel length inhibition (t = 2.590, p = 0.024), number (F = 93.415, p < 0.001, w² = 0.80), and vessel density (F = 94.343, p < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings suggest Pereskia grandifolia's potential as an antiangiogenic agent for cancer therapy.