Climate neutrality in Poland: the role of the coal sector in achieving the 2050 goal

The article discusses the challenges and opportunities of the coal sector in the context of Poland's pursuit of climate neutrality by 2050.Key energy transformation strategies are analyzed, focusing on the modernization of coal combustion technologies, the development of carbon capture, utilization, and storage (CCUS) technologies, and the gradual diversification of energy sources.The text emphasizes that the role of the coal sector extends beyond emission reduction to include investments in innovative technologies and ensuring a just transition for mining regions.The paper also examines the impact of energy policy and regulation on the future of the coal sector.It pointed out that transition support mechanisms, such as the Just Transition Fund and EU funding for energy modernization, are crucial.It emphasizes that achieving climate neutrality requires a gradual shift away from coal towards renewable energy sources, the development of energy storage technologies, and the implementation of smart grids.The analysis of technical, economic, and social aspects points to the necessity of considering the interests of coal sector workers and local communities.Based on the study, the authors conclude that the future of the Polish energy sector depends on a skillful combination of technological innovation, effective transformation strategies, and appropriate support policies for regions dependent on coal mining.The article concludes with a summary and the most important findings.