Sociological analysis of public opinion on the construction of a nuclear power plant in Kazakhstan

The prospect of constructing a nuclear power plant (NPP) in Kazakhstan has been intermittently discussed since the mid-1990s.It was not until 2021 that the issue received significant governmental attention due to predictions of an imminent energy deficit.An information imbalance exists, with authorities presenting the NPP as the sole solution to potential energy shortages and economic stagnation.The Kazakh government has announced a national referendum to decide, highlighting the country's leadership in uranium production and the need to advance its nuclear science.Despite these developments, significant concerns remain regarding the risks and consequences of building the NPP, as the public lacks sufficient information about the project's prospects and potential impacts.The population has more questions than answers, reflecting a need for comprehensive and accurate information from the state.Public engagement is essential for the successful implementation of the NPP project.The government has initiated public discussions and hearings to achieve consensus and address public concerns.These efforts are critical, as public support is necessary for the project.This study explores public awareness, transparency, and trust in the government's nuclear energy policy.It employs a sociological online survey to gauge public opinion and includes information from government materials, news articles, and a review of international experiences in nuclear energy.The findings underscore the importance of informed public engagement and transparent communication in successfully implementing nuclear energy projects in Kazakhstan.