Analysis of the role of cellular autosomal genetic banding position subtyping on clinical prognosis and immune infiltration in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignant tumors globally, with both incidence and mortality rates remaining high. In recent years, as research on CRC has deepened, significant progress has been made in early screening, pathogenesis, and treatment strategies. To explore whether genetic loci on autosomes affect the prognosis and immunity of CRC, we first obtained the overall expression activity of all genes on autosomal genetic loci through GSEA analysis. Then, we used a consensus clustering algorithm for typing operations, dividing CRC into two subtypes (Cluster1 and Cluster2). Subsequently, we identified significantly upregulated and downregulated genes in the two subtypes through limma differential analysis. After that, we assessed the value of each genetic locus in four prognostic indicators (OS, DSS, DFI, PFI) using Cox regression analysis. Finally, we calculated the differences in various immune indicators between Cluster1 and Cluster2, as well as the correlation between the activity levels of all autosomal genetic loci and various immune indicators. After the above analysis, although there was no prognostic difference between Cluster1 and Cluster2, we still identified five genetic loci with prognostic value, namely "chr4q13," "chr3p11," "chr4q21," "chr4q28," and "chr4q31." We was also found that Cluster1 had a stronger degree of immune infiltration than Cluster2, and all autosomal genetic loci were associated with immune evasion to varying degrees. In summary, our study provides a new approach to CRC subtyping research and offers a solution for future CRC treatment.