Research on Progress and Development of Superhydrophobic Materials

Superhydrophobic materials can realize the effective slippage of liquid on the surface, a with excellent properties such as self-cleaning and anti-pollution, they can be widely used in liquid transportation, anti-pollution coatings, microfluidic transport and other fields. In nature, organisms have evolved many special structures that adapt to their living environment, such as lotus leaves, water striders and other organisms with unique micro and nano structures, showing amazing water-repellent and self-cleaning properties. By studying and mimicking the microstructure of these biological surfaces, scientists have successfully prepared surfaces with excellent superhydrophobic microstructures. The paper will discuss the mechanism of superhydrophobic phenomena and introduce the applications of superhydrophobic materials in anti-icing, anti-oil, anti-fogging and self-cleaning. Finally, by reading the relevant literature, this paper discusses the future development of superhydrophobic materials, the preparation process of superhydrophobic surfaces is still relatively complex, and how to maintain the stability and hydrophobicity of the surface while simplifying the hydrophobic preparation steps is a key challenge for researchers.