Structure of linguistic personality: psycholinguistic and ethnolinguistic aspects

Lingual personality is a key concept in a number of areas of linguistic research, including psycholinguistics and ethnolinguistics. It has a long tradition of use and various terminologi- cal designations: personality, person, individual, which indicate a speaker, a native speaker, a subject of lingual activity, a person with speech peculiarities, a subject with psychological peculiarities. These concepts reflect the theoretical-applied aspect of the study of language ability in the process of development or correction, and are also used in the study of typo- logical features of language systems. The term lingual personality actively functions in the Eastern European scientific discourse in studies devoted to the ethnical and cultural, and mental-worldview features of the speaker. However, in the psycholinguistic and ethnolin- guistics paradigm, the term linguistic personality needs definition and categorization. The purpose of the article is to define and categorize the concept of a lingual persona- lity, to establish its structure as a carrier of lingual consciousness, to propose a sample de- scription of the constituents of a lingual personality based on their component composition, to establish a relationship between them. The comparative-typological method was used to describe the structural levels and constituents of the lingual consciousness of the individual, as well as the method of component and comparative analysis of their semantic structure. The definition of linguistic personality is proposed, the components of its consciousness (mythological units, symbols, concepts, memes) are established, and their interaction is determined. The components of linguistic consciousness represent the sphere of the sacred (subconscious) and the profane (empirical, conscious). The composition and interre la tionship and conditionality of the components of linguistic consciousness reveal the ethno-psychological features of the individual. The conception, based on the developed methodology of fixing the key constituents of language consciousness, gives reasons to go beyond the research of the process of formation of individual competences of a lingual personality and allows you to create a typological model of a formed language personality as a representative or bearer of the consciousness of society or ethnicity. Keywords: lingual personality, lingual (language) ability, lingual consciousness, mythological unit, symbol, concept, meme.