APPENDICULAR ABSCESS IN CHILDREN (LIYERATURE REVIEW AND OWN OBSERVATION)

Complications of appendicitis in children can manifest themselves in the form of such dangerous conditions as rupture of the appendix, peritonitis, the formation of abscesses and the development of sepsis. These conditions occur more often in the case of delayed diagnosis, which is especially typical for children under the age of five, as their symptoms are often subtle and complex. In this age group, up to 90% of cases of appendicitis may be accompanied by perforation of the appendix at the time of diagnosis, which significantly increases the risk of abscess and other serious complications. The incidence of appendiceal abscess in children varies greatly depending on the level of development, medical infrastructure and speed of diagnosis. In countries where access to medical care may be limited, up to 50% of appendicitis cases are complicated by abscesses, which are associated with delays in seeking medical care and late diagnosis. In contrast, in developed countries such as the United States and South Korea, this rate is much lower, between 2% and 10% of cases, thanks to earlier diagnosis and access to advanced treatments. The aim is to highlight the features of the clinical course of appendicular abscess, demonstrate diagnostic and treatment methods based on personal experience and data from literature sources. Materials and methods. The analysis and generalization of the results of scientific research for the years 1983 - 2024, selected on the basis of information search in scientometric databases Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, MEDLINE, Google Scholar using the keywords "appendicitis", "appendicular abscess", "acute abdomen", "complicated appendicitis", "peritonitis", "drainage"; bacteriological research was carried out. A retrospective analysis of the medical records of inpatients of 232 children with the diagnosis of appendicular abscess who were treated in the Vinnytsia Regional Pediatric Clinical Hospital during the last 10 years. According to the results of the study, it was established that the most frequent complicated course of acute appendicitis in the form of an abscess occurs in adolescence in 88 children (37.9%). Regarding the gender distribution, the female gender predominated in the study - 131 cases of appendicular abscess, only 101 cases were registered in boys. Regarding the season, most appendicular abscesses were diagnosed and treated in the summer-autumn period. 55 children (23.7%) were treated in summer, 83 children (35.8%) in fall, 44 patients (19%) in winter, 50 children (21.6%) in spring. The majority of patients with appendicular abscess lived in the regions of the region, 172 children (74.1%). The remaining 60 children (25.9%) were city dwellers. To demonstrate the characteristics of the course, diagnosis and treatment, the article presents a clinical case of a patient with appendicular abscess after appendectomy. Conclusions. Appendicular abscess in children is a dangerous complication of acute appendicitis that requires prompt diagnosis and treatment. Complications of appendicitis in the form of appendicular abscess most often occur in teenage girls, which is multifactorial in nature. At the same time, it should be noted that the low incidence of acute appendicitis in early childhood can lead to diagnostic errors due to lack of vigilance, which leads to the formation of complications.