Recent developments in the thermal radiative flow of dusty Ellis trihybrid nanofluid with activation energy using Hamilton-Crosser thermal conductivity model

This study scrutinizes the characteristics of activation energy on Darcy Forchheimer radiative flow of dusty Ellis trihybrid nanofluid over a Riga plate when dust and nanoparticles are present. The goal of the present work is to use the Hamilton-Crosser thermal conductivity model to scrutinize the heat transmission for the Darcy Forchheimer flow of dusty Ellis trihybrid nanofluid. The flow is impacted by heat source with the properties of Marangoni convection. The base fluid, propylene glycol ( C 3 H 8 O 2 ), is mixed with Ag, TiO 2 and A l 2 O 3 nanoparticles. The model is applicable to sophisticated heat transfer systems, including solar energy harvesting and electronic device cooling technologies. Additionally, it finds application in thermal management of industrial processes using nanofluids and aerospace engineering. Using the shooting technique, the numerical results of the governing equations are obtained (RKF-45th). The impacts on dimensionless physical quantities of interest of geometrical and physical properties relevant to this study are analysed using the required tables and figures. The results demonstrated that the Ellis fluid parameter raised the heat transmission, mass transmission rate, and velocity profiles. As the chemical reaction parameter upsurges, the concentration distributions decrease.