Students’ financial literacy in math classroom: Insights into financial awareness

The current generation of young people faces significant financial challenges in an increasingly volatile global economy, highlighting the need for enhanced financial literacy education. While the OECD has recommended the integration of financial literacy into school curricula, a notable gap exists in the development of age-appropriate financial literacy content that aligns with students’ cognitive and developmental stages. This study addresses this gap by evaluating students’ financial literacy knowledge, with a particular focus on integrating financial concepts into mathematics education. Specifically, the research targets financial topics that are accessible and relatable to upper elementary school students, exploring how these concepts can be integrated into existing mathematics curricula. The study involved students from grades 4, 5, and 6, with data collected through interviews that were transcribed and analyzed using NVIVO software. Findings indicate that topics such as exchange rates, foreign currencies, cash transactions, and digital payment systems resonate with students' existing knowledge and personal experiences. Furthermore, the study underscores the importance of introducing foundational personal financial management skills, such as distinguishing between needs and wants and promoting saving habits, from an early age. However, it also highlights that more complex financial concepts, including regulatory frameworks, consumer protection, and data security risks, are not developmentally appropriate for elementary students. The results of this research offer valuable insights into the practical integration of financial literacy into mathematics classrooms, with potential implications for curriculum development. These findings contribute to the growing body of knowledge on financial literacy education, providing a basis for selecting relevant financial topics for school curricula and fostering a more financially literate future generation.