Molecular Epidemic Characteristics and Genetic Evolution of Porcine Circovirus Type 2 in Henan, China
The widespread distribution and genetic diversity of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) seriously threatens the swine industry worldwide. This study investigates the molecular epidemiology of PCV2 in Henan Province (2020-2023) through PCR screening (385 samples) and whole-genome sequencing (34 strains). The overall detection rate was 71.17% (274/385), with annual rates of 81.16% (112/138) in 2020, 72.41% (84/116) in 2021, 62.50% (55/88) in 2022, and 53.49% (23/43) in 2023, indicating a declining trend. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the dominance of the PCV2d genotype, comprising 82.4% (28/34) of sequenced strains. Evolutionary analysis identified strong negative selection pressure on ORF2, with an elevated substitution rate of 1.098 × 10<sup>-3</sup> ssy. These findings provide critical insights into the predominance and adaptive evolution of PCV2d, and significantly improve our understanding of its genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics.
Authors
- Chuanzhou Bian
- Yuzhen Song
- Zhifeng Peng (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1388-6758)
- Han Zhang (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0166-1973)
- Huawei Li (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0515-7336)
- Yanyu He
- Kangdi Zhao
- Huifang Lv (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0008-3961)
- Li Zhao
- Hongxing Qiao (ORCID: https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0503-7657)
Institutions
- South China Agricultural University (CN)
- Henan University (CN)
- Massey University (NZ)
Publication Details
- Journal
- Veterinary Sciences
- Published
- 2025-04-07
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci12040343
- Citations
- 1
- Primary Topic
- Animal Virus Infections Studies
- Type
- article
- Field-Weighted Citation Impact
- 1.19