The role of illness perceptions in post-concussive symptoms in the chronic phase after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI)

Background Maladaptive illness perceptions are known to contribute to the development of persistent post-concussive symptoms 3-6months after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), but it is unclear which role these perceptions play in the chronic phase. This study examined which illness perceptions impact post-concussive and psychological symptoms in the chronic phase post-mTBI. Methods This observational study used data from 112 adults who experienced persistent symptoms following mTBI and were referred for multidisciplinary treatment. Measures included a short version of the Illness Perception Questionnaire, the Rivermead Post-Concussion Symptoms Questionnaire and the Brief Symptom Inventory 18. Results Specific illness perceptions were unique predictors of post-concussive symptoms (understanding, identity, duration and emotional response) as well as anxiety and depression symptoms (understanding and emotional response). Conclusion Although the aetiology of persistent post-concussive symptoms is multifactorial, the finding that specific illness perceptions contribute to experienced symptoms in the chronic phase post-mTBI underline the importance of psychoeducation and psychotherapeutic interventions in this population.