Rural and urban labor market in Brazil, 2012-2022: an analysis of agricultural and non-agricultural activities

Abstract This work aims to analyze the evolution of the labor market in rural and urban areas of Brazil, from 2012 to 2022. considering the segmentation between agricultural and non-agricultural activities. Data from the Continuous National Household Sample Survey, by IBGE are analyzed and earnings equations and inequality measures are estimated. The results highlight the continuity of the process of reducing employment in rural agricultural activities, which was partially mitigated by the expansion of non-agricultural activities. Earnings are still higher in non-agricultural urban activities, although difference has reduced during the period compared to other segments, especially due to the decrease in returns to education.