<b> Assessing the Validity and Reliability of the Adapted Staff  Stressors Scale in Chinese Universities </b>

The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a stressors scale with reflective and formative indicators for teaching staff in Ningxia, China. The scale was analyzed through a questionnaire survey of 237 staff members using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and validation factor analysis (CFA). The results showed that the scale had good structural validity and internal consistency, and the exploratory factor analysis extracted six dimensions explaining 66.908% of the variance. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient and the combined credibility were within the acceptable range. Further validation factor analysis showed that validity assessments (including convergent and discriminant validity) confirmed the robustness of the scale. For formative indicators metrics such as Variance Inflation Factor (VIF) were used to check for covariance between indicators to avoid redundancy. In addition, the importance and weights of the indicators were analyzed to confirm their relative importance in defining the structure. In summary, the Staff Stressors Scale can be used to measure faculty stress in private institutions in the Ningxia region of China, and it can also provide a basis for further research in the future.