Cognitive Aspects of Adults and Older Adults with Hearing Loss, Users or not of Hearing Aids: A Meta-Analysis

Purpose: Evaluate cognitive aspects in adults and older adults with hearing loss who use hearing aids, compared to those with hearing loss who do not use hearing aids. Research Strategies: A systematic search across seven databases and gray literature until May 10, 2022, sought studies of individuals aged >18 with hearing loss. Selection Criteria: Both interventional and observational analytical studies were included, without language or publication date restrictions. Data Analysis: Seven articles were included, revealing a correlation between cognitive aspects, hearing loss, and hearing aid use in adults and older adults.Comparisons were made between hearing aid users and non-users usingvalidated cognitive questionnaires. Risk of bias assessment was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Assessment Checklist, followed by random effects meta-analysis. The GRADE tool determined certainty of evidence. Results: Hearing aid usersexhibited improved Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) performance (MD = -1.47; CI95% = -2.53 - - 0.40; I2 = 7.21%), albeit with low certainty. Conclusion: While MMSE results indicated possible cognitive benefits for adults and older adults using hearing aids, the evidence remains uncertain. Developing a comprehensive psychological assessment tool encompassing language, memory, attention, executive functions, and socialization is recommended to ensure accurate evaluations of this population’s health.