Retrospective Cross-sectional Radiographic Assessment of Permanent First Molars in a Libyan Sub-population

Objectives: This study aims to radiographically determine the prevalence of missing and decayed first permanent molars (FPMs) in a Libyan sub-population, as well as to investigate any distinctive patterns related to age and gender. Materials and Methods: Retrospective, cross-sectional assessment evaluated a total of 931 panoramic radiographs. The radiographs were divided into two groups according to age: group A 9-39 years old, group B: >40 years old. Study groups were further divided into two sub-groups: males and females. The radiographs were evaluated by two observer groups: 1-Two trained intern dentists and one 5th -year dental student 2-Oral and maxillofacial radiologist. Appropriate statistical tests were utilized for the statistical. Results: The percentages of missing and decayed FPMs were 32% and 17%, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the odds of missing upper and lower FPMs with age; (P = 0.0001), (OR = 0.1136), (95% CI 0.0788, 0.1636) and (P = 0.0001), (OR= 0.1165), (95% CI 0.0754, 0.1806), respectively. The difference in the odds with gender was only statistically significant for the upper missing FPMs; (P = 0.01), (OR = 0.7), (95% CI 0.647, 0.942). Conclusion: High prevalence of missing and decayed FPMs in this Libyan sub-population was highlighted with significant age and gender associations. The findings suggest the importance of preventive practices to reduce extractions, raise awareness and promote restorative dentistry, in order to maintain proper health and the functions of the stomatognathic system