Effect of 2, 4-D and Kinetin on In vitro Callogenesis of Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus L.)

The study was carried out in 2019-22, at the Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali, Uttarakhand University of Horticulture and Forestry, Bharsar, Pauri Garhwal, Uttarakhand-246123. The study was conducted to optimize a protocol for callus induction in carnation as it is a basic step of micropropagation and commercial production of carnation can be boosted through plant tissue culture techniques. In this experiment, MS media was fortified with 2, 4-D (promotes cell elongation and is also involved in callus development in cultures) and Kinetin (low concentrations in combination with auxins were often used in plant species to promote callus initiation) at different concentrations for callogenesis where leaf, apical bud and node were used as explants. Additionally, light and dark condition for 24 h with 25±2ºC temperature and 60% relative humidity were also provided in culture room to observe the effect of culture conditions on callus induction. The results showed that the maximum callus induced in treatment T4 in node explant under light condition and in treatment T5 less number of days taken in leaf explant under light condition. We found that, the varied concentrations of plant growth regulators impacts the growth and quality of callus induced from different explants. This study can further be used as the base for micropropagation and development of quality planting material for quick multiplication.