Optimisation of Synthesis and Effects of Chemical Conditions on Antithyroid Drugs in Model Organoiodine Systems

Carbimazole is a prodrug that inhibits the overproduction of thyroid hormones in the human body. Its active form, methimazole, is produced by biocatalytic transformation in the target organ. This study addresses the chemistry of carbimazole and thiamazole to improve its therapeutic predictability. The study focuses on the optimisation and selection of conditions for the synthesis and hydrolysis of carbimazole, leading to its active derivative. The in vitro study investigated the reaction of thiamazole with iodine ions under programmable process conditions. The results were confirmed using various analytical techniques, including high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (LCMS), infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). As a result, the synthesis of both types of therapeutics was optimised and the model interaction with iodide ions was confirmed based on the derivation of imidazole derivatives.