A Retrospective study on road traffic Accidents from ABVIMS & Dr RML hospital New Delhi

Road Traffic Accidents (RTA) are the one of the major causes of death in the world where India ranks 1st in number of RTA across the 199 countries reported in the World Road Statistics in 2018, followed by China and USA.Road crashes are the second leading cause of death globally among young people and affect the most economically active members of the population.More than 90% of RTA occurs in the low income middle countries.The major reason for these are Road Features, Road Junctions , Types of Traffic Control.Ongoing Construction Works, Speed Breakers, Weather Conditions, Poor Lighting, Lack of Adequate Road Signs, Sidewalks, Neighborhood Environment.Human Factors like Violation of Traffic Rules, Invalid Driving license, non-use of safety Devices like Helmets and Seat Belts, Triple riding, Distracted Driving, Negligent Parking, Not Crossing Roads at Pedestrian Crossings, Road Rage, Overloading/ Overcrowding of Passengers Vehicles and improper use of Headlights.Our study aims to find Gender, Age, Place, Time, and Seasonal Variation in Road Traffic Accidents (RTA).Further, to know difference in mode of accident(whether pedestrian/vehicles) does the accident .We studied retrospective one year data from January 2022 to January 2023 of all the RTA cases which were done at DR.RML Hospital (Mortuary) and following results were found.Major fatalities were of Males of age group (21-30) years. of which, seasonal variation slightly more in summer (April-June) and most accidents occurred in daytime on streets and highways.Maximum victims were Pedestrians.Intake of alcohol was not taken into account as Viscera Analysis reports were not available along with the Post Mortem reports.The limitation of this study is, the lack of history taken from relatives as it is a retrospective study and hence, further studies are needed to overcome the limitations.