Prevalence and Associated Effects of Substance Use among Adolescents in Burundi, East Africa

The prevalence of substance use among adolescents in Burundi has surfaced as a critical public health concern that demands immediate intervention. This study synthesises existing literature and data from various sources, including national health surveys, peer-reviewed articles, and reports from governmental and non-governmental organisations, to examine the types of substances frequently used by adolescents. These substances encompass not only tobacco and alcohol but also cannabis, inhalants, and other psychoactive drugs. The findings reveal a distressing trend of escalating use across different substances, with notable variations based on gender and regional demographics. The study underscores the effectiveness of current policies aimed at substance use prevention and intervention while highlighting the need for comprehensive national campaigns directed at educating adolescents and their families about the dangers of all forms of substance use. These efforts should utilise culturally relevant information and involve community leaders to enhance their impact. Moreover, the introduction of substance use education into school curricula, addressing life skills and resilience, alongside the establishment of gender-sensitive rehabilitation and counselling facilities, is recommended. By considering the unique circumstances that contribute to substance use among different groups, this research advocates for a multifaceted, collaborative approach involving government entities, non-governmental organisations, and local communities to combat adolescent substance use in Burundi effectively.