Design and Simulation Analysis of a Railway Track Milling De-Icing Device

针对铁路钢轨冬季覆冰问题，本文提出了一种基于机械式铣削原理的除冰方法，旨在提高除冰效率和保障铁路运营安全。通过对铣削除冰的工作原理进行深入分析，结合有限元仿真和实验研究，对关键参数如铣刀倾斜角度、切削深度、切削速度和铣刀转速进行了优化。仿真结果显示，减小铣刀倾斜角度和增加切削深度均能提升冰层所受的切削应力，而切削速度和铣刀转速则需控制在一定范围内以达到最佳除冰效果。实验研究表明，所设计的铣削式除冰装置在模拟低温环境下表现出色，能有效清除不同厚度和硬度的冰层，且对钢轨表面损伤较小。本研究不仅为铁路冬季运营安全提供了有力保障，还推动了机械式除冰技术在铁路领域的应用和发展。Addressing the issue of winter icing on railway tracks, a de-icing method based on the mechanical milling principle is proposed in this paper, aiming to enhance de-icing efficiency and ensure railway operational safety. Through in-depth analysis of the working principle of milling de-icing, combined with finite element simulation and experimental research, key parameters such as milling cutter inclination angle, cutting depth, cutting speed, and milling cutter rotational speed were optimized. Simulation results indicate that reducing the milling cutter inclination angle and increasing the cutting depth can both elevate the cutting stress applied to the ice layer, while the cutting speed and milling cutter rotational speed need to be controlled within a certain range to achieve optimal de-icing results. Experimental studies show that the designed milling de-icing device performs excellently in simulated low-temperature environments, effectively removing ice layers of different thicknesses and hardnesses with minimal damage to the railway track surface. This research not only provides robust support for railway operational safety in winter, but also promotes the application and development of mechanical de-icing technology in the railway sector.