Clinical Research Progress of Wideband Absorbance Tympanometry in the Diagnosis of Otological Disorders

宽频声导抗(wideband absorbance tympanometry, WBT)利用226~8000 Hz的宽频探测音评估中耳和内耳功能，关键指标包括能量吸收率(wideband absorbance, WBA)、吸收声能(absorbed acoustic energy, AE)、反射声能(reflected acoustic energy, RE)、平均鼓室图(average tympanogram, AT)和中耳共振频率(middle ear resonance frequency, RF)等，为耳科疾病诊断提供了更全面的信息。本文综述了WBT的基本原理、影响声能吸收率的因素(如年龄、性别、种族等)，以及其在耳科疾病诊断中的临床应用和未来发展。Wideband absorbance tympanometry (WBT) utilizes a broadband probe tone ranging from 226 to 8000 Hz to assess middle and inner ear function. Key metrics include wideband absorbance (WBA), absorbed acoustic energy (AE), reflected acoustic energy (RE), average tympanogram (AT), and middle ear resonance frequency (RF), among others, providing comprehensive information for the diagnosis of otologic diseases. This article reviews the fundamental principles of WBT, factors influencing energy absorbance (such as age, sex, and ethnicity), as well as its clinical applications in otologic diagnosis and future directions for development.