Hospital based study of prevalence thyroid Disorders between pregnant and non-pregnant Saudi women in Aljouf, Saudi Arabia

Background: Since thyroid hormones are essential to the fetus's general growth, their effect on the outcomes of pregnancy must be carefully taken into account. Objective: The goal of this research is to compare the prevalence of thyroid disorders in Saudi women who are pregnant and those who are not, using a hospital-based approach. Methods: This hospital-based observational cross-sectional study conducted at Obstetrics department of Maternity and Children hospital (MCH) over a period of January 2022 to February 2023. A total of 150 women participated among 75 pregnant women and 75 non-pregnant reproductive age women respectively. Thyroid function test were obtained from them. Results: Of the subjects, 46.8% had thyroid disorders, with 35.4% having hypothyroidism and 11.4% having hyperthyroidism. The prevalence of thyroid disorder was substantially greater in pregnant women (73.3.0%) compared to non-pregnant women (20.0%; P <0.001). The odds ratio of hypothyroid disorders was substantially greater in pregnant women than in non-pregnant women (OR 3.85; P <0.001). Thyroid disease risks in pregnant women were considerably greater than in non-pregnant women, even following adjustment for the age biases. effect (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Women who are pregnant are more likely than those who are not to have thyroid conditions, particularly hypothyroidism.