Research Progress on Perioperative Ultrasound Assessment of Patients’ Volume Responsiveness

利用超声技术评估容量反应性具有便捷、短时、无创等优点，同时超声技术在手术室内的广泛使用使得超声在围手术期评估容量成为可能。围手术期的容量管理首先需要评估的就是容量反应性。目前超声技术多应用于重症和急诊学科来评估患者的容量反应性，对于围手术期患者的容量评估，一些超声监测指标的可行性和可靠性仍存在诸多争议。本文就预测围手术期容量反应性超声指标静脉呼吸变异度指标(下腔静脉直径及其塌陷率、上腔静脉直径及其塌陷率、锁骨下静脉直径及其塌陷率、颈内静脉直径及其塌陷率)和动脉血流峰值呼吸变异度(主动脉峰流速和其他部位动脉峰流速等)的应用现状进行综述，以期为其合理使用提供参考。The use of ultrasound technology to assess volume responsiveness has the advantages of convenience, short-term and non-invasive, and the widespread use of ultrasound technology in the operating room makes it possible to evaluate volume in the perioperative period. The first thing that needs to be assessed for perioperative volume management is volume responsiveness. At present, ultrasound technology is mostly used in the volume responsiveness of patients in critical care and emergency departments, and there are still many controversies about the feasibility and reliability of some ultrasound monitoring indicators for volume assessment of perioperative patients. This article reviews the application status of predicting perioperative volume-responsive ultrasound indexes (inferior vena cava diameter and its collapse rate, superior vena cava diameter and its collapse rate, subclavian vein diameter and its collapse rate, internal jugular vein diameter and its collapse rate, and peak respiratory variability of arterial blood flow, such as peak aortic flow velocity and peak arterial flow velocity at other sites), in order to provide a reference for its rational use.