Selection of the Olympic SDEs

The International Olympic Committee (IOC) aims to enhance the Olympics' appeal by aligning with modern values and attracting a global audience. In this paper, a comprehensive study on the programming of coming Olympic SDEs is conducted. We proposed an AHP-TOPSIS-based model to evaluate the SDEs for the future Olympics. A two-level factor system is established. The AHP method is used to assess the indicators with different weights. Then, TOPSIS is employed to evaluate the candidate's sports comprehensively. Three Sports, Disciplines, and Events (SDEs) were added to the recent Olympics, and three sports continuously included since the 1988 Games or earlier are considered. AHP-TOPSIS model scoring calculations are performed. Additionally, the model's effectiveness is validated using K-means clustering, ensuring the reliability of the recommended results. Three SDEs that could be added or reintroduced to the 2032 Brisbane Olympics are identified: Surfing, Netball, and Cricket. The calculations show that the top three spots for the 2032 Brisbane Olympics are Cricket (92.50, first), Netball (91.25, second), and Surfing (82.50, third). Subsequently, potential SDEs for the 2036 or later Olympics are identified: Esports, Parkour, Kiteboarding, Urban Freestyle Football, Freestyle BMX, and Paragliding. Sensitivity analysis is performed to address the robustness of the model. As the standard deviation of Gaussian noise increases, most of the relative errors of the weights do not exceed 5%. It is concluded that data errors and fluctuations have little effect on the weights obtained by the entropy weight method. Thus, the model is deemed credible and stable.