Advances in Nanotechnology: Applications of Nanomaterials in Oral Dentistry

Nanotechnology has revolutionized dentistry through the development of advanced nanomaterials with enhanced physical, chemical, and biological properties. This paper reviews various nanomaterials, including metal-based (gold, silver, copper), metal compounds (titanium dioxide, calcium fluoride, hydroxyapatite), and non-metallic nanomaterials (chitosan, carbon-based materials). These materials exhibit unique antibacterial, biocompatible, and remineralization properties, making them ideal for applications such as oral restoration, filling, implant coatings, and tissue regeneration. For example, gold nanoparticles promote periodontal regeneration, while silver nanoparticles demonstrate strong antibacterial effects. Titanium dioxide and calcium fluoride are effective in enamel remineralization and caries prevention. Non-metallic materials, such as chitosan and carbon nanomaterials, provide sustainable and innovative solutions for dental applications. The diverse functionalities and evolving research on nanomaterials indicate significant potential for advancing clinical dentistry, offering safer, more efficient, and durable treatments.