Digital Transformation, TOE Framework and Green Innovation of Energy Enterprises

Against the upgrading of the information technology such as big data, cloud computing, AI, Internet of Things and blockchain, digital transformation is the core to drive enterprises’ green innovation. Energy enterprises are basis for scientific and technological activities. Its green innovation is decisive for China’s long-term “carbon peak” and “carbon neutrality”. Based on the non-panel data of A-share listed energy enterprises from 2014 to 2023, a clear TOE comprehensive framework is constructed, and quantitative analysis aims to analyze the impact of digital transformation on the green innovation of China’s energy enterprises with empirical tests from technology, organization, and environment. The results show that digital transformation has a significant impact on enterprise green innovation. Technical and environmental factors have a great regulating effect, while organizational factors have no impact. Thus, the regulating effects of technology, organization and environment vary, among which R&D investment and external environmental regulation are the key factors affecting the role of enterprise digital transformation on green innovation.