Spinal and corticospinal excitability changes with voluntary modulation of motor cortex oscillations

The consistent direction of mu power correlation with both MEP, tested after NF, and H-reflex, tested during NF, indicates that modifications in mu activity are associated with spinal and CST adaptations lasting beyond the NF session, evidencing neuroplasticity. Together with the inverted U-shape relationship found between amplitude of mu modulation and spinal/CST excitability change, the results provide support for further research and clinical implementation of NF to induce CNS plasticity, a prerequisite for effective neural rehabilitation.