High‐Gain 16‐Port mm‐Wave MIMO Antenna With Spiral‐Shaped Electromagnetic Band Gap for 5G Applications

ABSTRACT A compact high‐gain 16‐port multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) antenna with a double spiral arm electromagnetic band gap (EBG) array is presented for 5G wireless networking applications. Each resonator of the proposed MIMO antenna consists of a microstrip line feeding, a fork‐like monopole, and a partial ground plane. An array of EBG unit cells is positioned beneath the antenna elements to increase gain while decreasing surface wave effects, resulting in improved isolation among the resonating elements. The −10‐dB impedance bandwidth of the trapezium‐shaped monopole antenna element with EBG is 13.6 GHz (20.6–34.2 GHz) and isolation of > 54 dB. The peak gain of the double spiral arm EBG‐based antenna is 24.4 dB. The presented trapezium‐shaped mm‐wave MIMO antenna offers decent diversity proficiency metrics like envelope correlation coefficient (< 0.26), directive gain (~10 dB), and total active reflection coefficient (< −27.5 dB). The overall size of the presented 16‐port mm‐wave MIMO antenna is 43.5 mm × 43.5 mm and can be used for n257/n258/n261 5G wireless systems.