Challenges in English Language Education in Japan: Policy vs. Practice

This study investigates the challenges in implementing English education policies in Japan, focusing on the gap between policy objectives and classroom practices. Despite significant reforms, such as the introduction of English as a compulsory subject in elementary schools and efforts to promote communicative competence, systemic barriers persist. Using a mixedmethods approach through secondary data analysis, the study evaluates teacher proficiency, curriculum constraints, resource disparities, and student engagement. Data collected from government reports, proficiency indices, and case studies are analysed using visual representations, including graphs and charts, to highlight key findings. The results underscore the need for professional development, curriculum redesign, and resource allocation to align policy objectives with classroom realities. The study concludes with actionable recommendations to enhance English education in Japan.