Carotid Plaque-Burden scale and outcomes: A real-life study

The value of carotid ultrasound in real-world practice remains controversial. We investigated the outcomes of people with vascular risk factors according to an easy carotid-plaque burden scale (CPB-scale). Predictive yield of the addition CPB-scale to ESC-SCORE2 (CPB-SCORE2 table) was assessed. A cohort of participants without preexisting cardiovascular disease (CVD) was evaluated for clinical outcomes according to the number of plaques by segment. The usefulness of the CPB-SCORE2 table was investigated. A total of 1004 patients were followed for a mean of 12.5 years for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and death. The CPB-scale was independently associated with MACEs; compared to those in the low-risk group, the corresponding adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for MACEs among the intermediate and high-risk groups were 13.1 (4.87–35.5) and 19.4 (7.27–51.9), respectively. Similarly, the risk of death was greater for participants stratified as high-risk than for those in the low-risk group (adjusted HR 3.36 [1.58–7.15]). According to our CPB-SCORE2 table, 149 of 178 (84%) CV events were detected in the high-risk group and exhibited greater sensitivity than did the SCORE2 Table, 84%; vs. 62%; but slightly less specificity, 62%; vs. 68%. Our table shows the improved performance of SCORE2; c -statistics: 0.74 vs. 0.68; p < 0.001 for net reclassification index and integrated discrimination index. A simple prognostic CPB-scale was strongly associated with the long-term risk of developing a first MACE and all-cause death. Adding the CPB-scale to the SCORE2 may improve risk prediction with easy applicability in clinical practice. El valor de la ecografía carotídea en la práctica clínica es controvertido. Se investigó el pronóstico de sujetos con algún factor de riesgo vascular según una escala de carga de placa carotídea (ECPC) y el valor predictivo de añadir la ECPC al ESC-SCORE2 (CPB-SCORE2). En una cohorte de pacientes sin enfermedad cardiovascular, se evaluaron los acontecimientos vasculares y mortalidad en función del número de placas por segmento arterial y la utilidad de la tabla CPB-SCORE2. Un total de 1004 pacientes fueron seguidos durante una media de 12,5 años para el desarrollo de eventos cardiovasculares adversos mayores (ECAM) y muerte. La ECPC se asoció independientemente con ECAM. Respecto al grupo de pacientes de bajo riesgo, los de riesgo intermedio presentaron más probabilidad de ECAM, HR (IC 95%): 13,1 (4,87-35,5), además de los de riesgo elevado, 19,4 (7,27-51,9). También, la probabilidad de muerte fue mayor entre los participantes de alto riesgo comparados con los de bajo riesgo HR (IC 95%): 3,36 (1,58-7,15). La tabla CPB-SCORE2 identificó 149 de 178 (84%) eventos CV en el grupo de alto riesgo. Además, CPB-SCORE2 mostró mayor sensibilidad que la tabla SCORE2, 84% vs. 62%, pero una especificidad ligeramente inferior, 62% frente a 68%, respectivamente. La tabla CPB-SCORE2 tuvo mejor rendimiento que SCORE2; c-estadístico: 0,74 vs. 0,68. La ECPC se asoció con mayor riesgo a largo plazo de presentar un ECAM y/o muerte por cualquier causa. Añadir la escala CPB al SCORE2 puede mejorar la predicción del riesgo vascular siendo fácilmente aplicable en la práctica clínica.

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Medicina Clínica (English Edition)
Published
2025-04-01
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.medcle.2024.10.020
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Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
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article

Carotid Plaque-Burden scale and outcomes: A real-life study

Carmen Sánchez‐Bacaicoa, Juan Francisco Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero, Clara Costo-Muriel, Javier Galán‐González et al.
1 citations
Medicina Clínica (English Edition)
Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
1.52
article

Carotid Plaque-Burden scale and outcomes: A real-life study

Carmen Sánchez‐Bacaicoa, Juan Francisco Sánchez Muñoz-Torrero, Clara Costo-Muriel, Javier Galán‐González, Julián Fernando Calderón García, Sergio Rico‐Martín, Eduardo Ortega-Collazos, Marta Sánchez-Lozano
article en
1 citations

Abstract

The value of carotid ultrasound in real-world practice remains controversial. We investigated the outcomes of people with vascular risk factors according to an easy carotid-plaque burden scale (CPB-scale). Predictive yield of the addition CPB-scale to ESC-SCORE2 (CPB-SCORE2 table) was assessed. A cohort of participants without preexisting cardiovascular disease (CVD) was evaluated for clinical outcomes according to the number of plaques by segment. The usefulness of the CPB-SCORE2 table was investigated. A total of 1004 patients were followed for a mean of 12.5 years for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and death. The CPB-scale was independently associated with MACEs; compared to those in the low-risk group, the corresponding adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for MACEs among the intermediate and high-risk groups were 13.1 (4.87–35.5) and 19.4 (7.27–51.9), respectively. Similarly, the risk of death was greater for participants stratified as high-risk than for those in the low-risk group (adjusted HR 3.36 [1.58–7.15]). According to our CPB-SCORE2 table, 149 of 178 (84%) CV events were detected in the high-risk group and exhibited greater sensitivity than did the SCORE2 Table, 84%; vs. 62%; but slightly less specificity, 62%; vs. 68%. Our table shows the improved performance of SCORE2; c -statistics: 0.74 vs. 0.68; p < 0.001 for net reclassification index and integrated discrimination index. A simple prognostic CPB-scale was strongly associated with the long-term risk of developing a first MACE and all-cause death. Adding the CPB-scale to the SCORE2 may improve risk prediction with easy applicability in clinical practice. El valor de la ecografía carotídea en la práctica clínica es controvertido. Se investigó el pronóstico de sujetos con algún factor de riesgo vascular según una escala de carga de placa carotídea (ECPC) y el valor predictivo de añadir la ECPC al ESC-SCORE2 (CPB-SCORE2). En una cohorte de pacientes sin enfermedad cardiovascular, se evaluaron los acontecimientos vasculares y mortalidad en función del número de placas por segmento arterial y la utilidad de la tabla CPB-SCORE2. Un total de 1004 pacientes fueron seguidos durante una media de 12,5 años para el desarrollo de eventos cardiovasculares adversos mayores (ECAM) y muerte. La ECPC se asoció independientemente con ECAM. Respecto al grupo de pacientes de bajo riesgo, los de riesgo intermedio presentaron más probabilidad de ECAM, HR (IC 95%): 13,1 (4,87-35,5), además de los de riesgo elevado, 19,4 (7,27-51,9). También, la probabilidad de muerte fue mayor entre los participantes de alto riesgo comparados con los de bajo riesgo HR (IC 95%): 3,36 (1,58-7,15). La tabla CPB-SCORE2 identificó 149 de 178 (84%) eventos CV en el grupo de alto riesgo. Además, CPB-SCORE2 mostró mayor sensibilidad que la tabla SCORE2, 84% vs. 62%, pero una especificidad ligeramente inferior, 62% frente a 68%, respectivamente. La tabla CPB-SCORE2 tuvo mejor rendimiento que SCORE2; c-estadístico: 0,74 vs. 0,68. La ECPC se asoció con mayor riesgo a largo plazo de presentar un ECAM y/o muerte por cualquier causa. Añadir la escala CPB al SCORE2 puede mejorar la predicción del riesgo vascular siendo fácilmente aplicable en la práctica clínica.

Medicina Clínica (English Edition)Vol. 164(7)
Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga (ES), Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara (ES), Hospital General Mateu Orfila (ES), Hospital Comarcal de Inca (ES), Universidad de Extremadura (ES)
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Cerebrovascular and Carotid Artery Diseases
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