Experiența internațională în sprijinul financiar și instrumental pentru dezvoltarea sustenabilă a clusterelor

Regional cluster development plays a key role in increasing economic competitiveness and sustainability. This article analyzes international experience in financial and instrumental support for sustainable cluster development, with a focus on adapting best practices to the Moldovan context. In developed countries, regional competitiveness has been strengthened through strong clusters: Finland and Sweden have built their success around the pulp and paper industries, Germany has created synergies in the mechanical and automotive sectors, and Italy has developed flexible clusters in the fashion, leather and furniture sectors. The US and Denmark also provide examples of how regional potential can be used and companies integrated in a form of territorial collaboration. These models demonstrate how financial support and the implementation of effective tools can stimulate regional growth and innovation. The research methods used include qualitative and quantitative research methods, as well as comparative literature review on cluster development at international level, statistical analysis and assessment of financial and sustainability strategies. Particular attention is given to public-private partnerships and their role in financing green modernization measures and cluster development.