EFFECTIVENESS OF THE TAX ON ADDITIONAL INCOME FROM HYDROCARBON PRODUCTION FOR THE PURPOSES OF SUSTAINABILITY OF THE BUDGETARY SYSTEM

Fiscal function of taxation based on the calculation of gross indicators. At the same time, it is necessary to take into account the provision of certain categories of taxpayers with tax benefits and preferences in the form of royalties. This approach is actively used in countries for which oil and gas revenues are the basis for the formation of fiscal policy. In the conducted study for the analyzed tax periods 2014-2023, the annual growth rate of total tax revenues to the budget system amounted to 18.78 %, reaching an absolute value of 35.898 trillion rubles as of 01.01.2024. At the same time, the share of levied taxes, fees and regular payments for the use of natural resources in the total revenues of the budget system did not change, amounting to 31.32 %. In this regard, the main guidelines for the transformation of the current system of taxation in the field of hydrocarbons should be more related to fundamental factors aimed at expanding the mineral resource base, reducing the number of equipment with a high degree of wear and tear, optimizing labor productivity through technological re-equipment, as well as the development of elements of the import substitution policy pursued by the state. The study concluded that during the period of application of the tax on additional income for the period 2018 – 2023, additional revenues to the federal budget exceeded the established targets by 0.547 trillion rubles annually. This indicates the formation of a strategic concentration of financial resources of the state and opportunities to implement priority areas of financing and support of basic sectors of the economy. The introduction of this tax made it possible to solve the problem of assessing the impact of price factors from the point of view of tax administration, including the mechanism of transfer pricing in the oil and gas sector of the economy. As a potential increase in additional revenues from the mineral extraction tax, it is possible to introduce a differentiated scale of rates instead of the current flat rate of 50 % in respect of both individual territories and categories of taxpayers, taking into account periods of increase in the growth rate of world hydrocarbon prices.