Arduino-Based Single-Phase AC Current Measurement with Over-Current Protection

Abstract: The present work aims to design and implement an Arduino-based system for single-phase AC current measurement with integrated over-current protection. The system is intended to enhance electrical safety and improve monitoring by using a low-cost, programmable microcontroller. The system utilizes an Arduino microcontroller, interfaced with a current sensor (e.g., ACS712), to measure AC current in real-time. The Arduino processes sensor data, compares it against predefined threshold values, and automatically triggers protective actions such as disconnecting the load or activating an alarm in case of overcurrent conditions. This ensures the protection of electrical equipment, preventing potential hazards such as fires and equipment damage. The solution is cost-effective, flexible, and ensures safe operation for residential and small commercial applications. By integrating real-time current measurement and over-current protection, the system ensures the operational safety, efficiency, and long-term reliability of electrical systems