Áp dụng phân loại NICE trong chẩn đoán polyp đại trực tràng tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Thanh Hóa.

Background: Colorectal polyps are a common disease and have a risk of malignant progression. The international endoscopic classification of colorectal neoplastic lesions by NBI (NICE), based on the color of the lesion, vascular structure and surface structure, helps classify neoplastic polyps and non-neoplastic polyps to orient an appropriate polyp treatment plan. Objectives: (1) To describe the clinical characteristics and endoscopic images of colorectal polyps according to NICE classification. (2) To compare the NICE classification in diagnosing colorectal polyps with histopathology. Methods: A cross - sectional descriptive study in 60 patients with 80 colorectal polyps undergoing NBI endoscopy, classified according to NICE and compared with the gold standard of histopathology results. The study was conducted at Thanh Hoa Provincial General Hospital from August 2021 to June 2022. Results: NICE type 1 had characteristics that predict the outcome of hyperplastic polyps or serrated sessile polyps with a rate of 39.0% (n = 32). NICE type 2 had the highest rate of adenoma prediction, accounting for 45.1% (n = 37). NICE type 3 had characteristics that predicted an outcome of cancer with a rate of 15.9% (n = 13). The accuracy of the NICE classification in distinguishing between neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps on histopathology was 92.7%, with sensitivity and specificity of 92.3% and 93.3%, respectively. For polyps ≤ 10 mm, the accuracy of the NICE classification in distinguishing between neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps on histopathology was 92.7%, with sensitivity and specificity of 89.3% and 96.3%, respectively. With polyps >10 mm, the accuracy of the NICE classification in distinguishing between neoplastic and non-neoplastic polyps on histopathology was 92.6%, with sensitivity and specificity of 95.8% and 66.7%. Conclusion: NICE classification shows reliable results in histopathological prognosis of colorectal polyps.