EPIDEMIOLOGY OF WEST NILE FEVER, PATHWAYS OF TRANSMISSION AND CAUSATIVE AGENT OF DISEASES

West Nile fever is a natural focal vector–borne viral infection characterized by fever intoxication syndrome and frequent damage to the central nervous system. The disease was so named because the main manifestation was "feverishness" and it was first discovered in the West Nile district. This article describes the epizootological and epidemiological aspects of West Nile Fever in Kazakhstan and across Europe. It is considered one of the arbovirus infections, which belongs to the genus Flavivirus of the family Flaviviridae. The carriers of the West Nile Fever pathogen are mosquitoes of the genus Culex and some bird species like crows. Mosquitoes bite and infect healthy birds, animals and humans. People can get infected from animals. Complications of this disease can lead to meningitis in humans, muscle paralysis, and even death in animals and birds.Currently, licensed vaccines against HPV disease do not exist for humans, there are effective vaccines for horses. In order to prevent infection during outdoor recreation around lakes, rivers and other places, it is necessary to use mosquito repellent creams or wear protective clothing.