PROSPECTS AND EFFICIENCY OF USING DOMESTIC ANIMAL BLOOD PRODUCTS IN MICROBIOLOGY AND MEDICAL FIELDS (LITERATURE REVIEW)

Modern medicine and the biopharmaceutical industry have achieved significant progress in the effective use of animal blood and its components. However, in our country, the dynamic development of the region requires greater attention from governmental bodies and sectoral organizations. The use of blood products derived from domestic animals, such as sheep and horses, presents broad opportunities for the production of microbiological culture media, as well as the development of medicinal products and immunobiological agents. Animal blood is utilized in the preparation of blood and serum agars, which contributes to improving the quality of diagnostics in clinical diagnostic laboratories. International regulatory acts, including the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) and UNESCO declarations, restrict the commercial use of human blood, thus reinforcing the relevance of transitioning to animal-based sources. In Kazakhstan, the absence of stable domestic production of animal blood for laboratory purposes has led to the use of expired or human blood, posing infection risks and reducing diagnostic accuracy. The article highlights successful domestic developments, including the production of agar media and antitoxic preparations from horse and sheep blood by companies such as “EcoPharm International” and “Daryn-2030.” This review aims to identify the prospects, challenges, and innovative solutions related to the use of animal blood products, and emphasizes the need for governmental support and regulatory oversight of this sector in the Republic of Kazakhstan.