A descriptive study of Patients with Sickle Cell Disease SCD in Misan, Iraq, 2024

Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a genetically inherited disorder characterized by abnormal hemoglobin, which alters the morphology of red blood cells and affects their functionality. Globally, SCD represents a significant public health challenge. Aim of the study: to determine the characteristics and features of sickle cell disease patients who attend the hematological diseases center in the Misan Governorate. Methods: A descriptive file-based study was conducted in 2024, on 75 patients suffering from sickle cell disease attending the Hematological Disease Center\ Misan City, we reviewed the patients' files and collected the needed data. A special form was filled out regarding patient characteristics obtained from the patients or caregivers and their medical records after that data analysis was done. Results: The study found that 57% of patients were male while 43% of them were female, most of the cases in age groups 11-20 years while fewer cases in the age group above 40 yr. The study result revealed that 52% of the patients lived in a rural area while 48% lived in an urban area, The highest blood group of patients was O followed by A, B, and AB which was (37%,31%,29%, and 3% respectively, The study result was found that 58 patients received two drugs for treatment, while 17 patients were receiving one drug, about 60 of patients presented with sickle cell disease only. Conclusions: This study provides a critical overview of SCD characteristics in Amara city, emphasizing the interplay between demographic, clinical, and geographic factors