A Comparative Study of Fecal Calprotectin Levels and Occult Blood in Different Inflammatory Conditions of the Digestive System

Abstract : Fecal calprotectin (FC) is a well-known indicator for detecting inflammation in the gastrointestinal system, notably in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). FC levels have been found to be substantially higher in IBD patients than in those with non-inflammatory diseases. Fecal calprotectin is a useful biomarker for evaluating inflammation in a variety of gastrointestinal illnesses. It has good diagnostic precision for IBD, moderate utility for infectious disorders, and low precision for malignant situations. The usefulness of calprotectin in clinical situations is yet unknown, and the majority of the research on the topic uses small sample sizes. The aim of this study was to assess the value of FC and occult blood in individuals with various gastrointestinal disorders and its association with multiple causes of elevated calprotectin levels and occult blood. We obtained the tests and reports from 26 patients who consulted the doctor for a variety of gastrointestinal disease-related causes in order reach at an accurate diagnosis and provide the proper therapy. We gathered the tests that the treating physician had ordered and noted the proportion of calprotectin and occult blood in the stool, so that calprotectin levels for various gastrointestinal conditions could be compared. We found that the highest level of calprotectin was for a patient suffering from duodenitis 600 μg/mg, the highest value for occult blood FOB for a patient suffering from stomach ulcers 311.2 μg/mg. As for the case in which both rates are high, it is colorectal cancer. Which was FC 375 and 300 μg/mg for FOBT. Elevated calprotectin levels are associated with disease risk and severity. Compared to occult blood, its level is thought to be higher in diseases affecting different sites of the intestine.